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FY19 cover FINAL
1
FY19 FINAL 11.20.19
3
Letter of Transmittal
5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
7
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
14
Executive Summary
15
Chapter 1: Introductory History, Research Scope and Methodology, and Analysis of Key Factors and Essential Elements for Effective Federal Civil Rights Enforcement
21
Origins of Federal Civil Rights Law and Enforcement
21
Past Commission Reports on Federal Civil Rights Enforcement
25
Scope and Methodology
26
Analysis of Components of Effective Civil Rights Enforcement Programs and Barriers to Effective Enforcement
29
Legal Authority and Responsibility, Budget and Staffing, and Enforcement Tools
29
Seven Essential Elements of Effective Federal Civil Rights Enforcement
35
The Degree to Which the Relevant Agency Prioritizes Civil Rights Agency-Wide
37
Whether and How Effectively the Civil Rights Office Engages in Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
53
Effective Use of Enforcement Tools: Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, and Litigation
58
Effective Use of Enforcement Tools: Proactive Compliance Evaluation
65
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach, and Publicity
67
Effectiveness of Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
74
Use of Research, Data Collection, and Reporting
77
Chapter 2: U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division
81
Legal Authority and Responsibility
81
Enforcement Tools
90
Staffing and Budget
92
Assessment
94
Prioritization for Civil Rights Agency-wide
94
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
95
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, and Litigation
101
Data Regarding CRT Cases
115
Cases Resolved
115
Data Regarding Type of Resolution of CRT Cases
117
Other Sample Data Trends from CRT Cases
123
Proactive Compliance Evaluation
138
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach and Publicity
144
Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
162
Research, Data Collection, and Reporting
170
Chapter 3: U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights998F
173
Legal Authority and Responsibility
175
Enforcement Tools
176
Budget and Staffing
177
Assessment
181
Prioritization for Civil Rights Agency-wide
181
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
184
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, & Litigation
185
Proactive Compliance Evaluation
201
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach and Publicity
202
Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
205
Research, Data Collections, and Reporting
206
Chapter 4: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights
209
Legal Authority and Responsibility
209
Enforcement Tools
212
Budget and Staffing
213
Assessment
217
Prioritization for Civil Rights Agency-wide
217
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
220
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, and Litigation
222
Proactive Compliance Evaluation
227
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach, and Publicity
230
Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
235
Research, Data Collection, and Reporting
238
Chapter 5: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity
239
Legal Authority and Responsibility
239
Enforcement Tools
241
Budget and Staffing
243
Assessment
249
Prioritization of Civil Rights Agency-Wide
249
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
253
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, and Litigation
255
Proactive Compliance Evaluation
266
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach, and Publicity
267
Effectiveness of Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
278
Use of Research, Data Collection, and Reporting
280
Chapter 6: U.S. Department of Labor, Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs and the Civil Rights Center
283
Legal Authority and Responsibility
283
Enforcement Tools
288
Budget and Staffing
289
Assessment
297
Prioritization of Civil Rights Agency-Wide
297
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
299
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, and Litigation
302
Proactive Compliance Evaluation
305
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach, and Publicity
311
Effectiveness of Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
316
Research, Data Collection and Reporting
318
Chapter 7: U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
321
Legal Authority and Responsibility
321
Enforcement Tools
323
Budget and Staffing
325
Assessment
328
Prioritization of Civil Rights Agency-Wide
328
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
329
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, and Litigation
333
Proactive Compliance Evaluations
342
Dissemination of Policy through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach and Publicity
342
Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
346
Research, Data Collection, and Reporting
347
Chapter 8: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties
351
Legal Authority and Responsibility
351
Enforcement Tools
354
Staffing and Budget
356
Assessment
357
Prioritization for Civil Rights Agency-wide
357
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
372
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges and Litigation
378
Evaluating Compliance of Funding Recipients
391
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach and Publicity
394
Effectiveness of Interaction and Coordination with Other Agencies and Stakeholders
396
Use of Research, Data Collecting, and Reporting
398
Chapter 9: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, External Civil Rights Compliance Office
399
Legal Authority and Responsibility
399
Enforcement Tools
400
Budget and Staffing
401
Assessment
403
Prioritization for Civil Rights Agency-Wide
403
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
405
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, and Litigation
406
Proactive Compliance Evaluation
414
Dissemination of Policy through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach and Publicity
415
Effectiveness of Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
416
Research, Data Collection, and Reporting
417
Chapter 10: U.S. Department of Transportation, Departmental Office of Civil Rights
419
Legal Authority and Responsibility
419
Enforcement Tools
421
Budget and Staffing
422
Assessment
426
Prioritization of Civil Rights Agency-Wide
426
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
427
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, and Litigation
429
Proactive Compliance Evaluation
433
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach, and Publicity
434
Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
435
Research, Data Collection, and Reporting
436
Chapter 11: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Resolution Management
439
Legal Authority and Responsibility
439
Enforcement Tools
444
Budget and Staffing
445
Assessment
448
Prioritization of Civil Rights Agency-Wide
448
Strategic Planning and Self-Evaluation
448
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Charges, and Litigation
449
Effective Use of Enforcement Tools: Proactive Compliance Evaluation
451
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach, and Publicity
452
Effectiveness of Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
453
Research, Data Collection, and Reporting
453
Chapter 12: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights
455
Legal Authority and Responsibility
455
Enforcement Tools
457
Budget and Staffing
458
Assessment
460
Prioritization of Civil Rights Agency-wide
460
Strategic Planning & Self-Evaluation
467
Proactive Compliance Evaluation
469
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Changes, & Litigation
470
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach, and Publicity
477
Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
478
Research, Data Collections, and Reporting
478
Chapter 13: U.S. Department of the Treasury, Office of Civil Rights and Diversity
479
Legal Authority and Responsibility
479
Enforcement Tools
481
Budget and Staffing
482
Assessment
487
Prioritization for Civil Rights Agency-wide
487
Strategic Planning & Self-Evaluation
487
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Changes, & Litigation
488
Proactive Compliance Evaluation
491
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach, and Publicity
492
Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
493
Research, Data Collections, and Reporting
494
Chapter 14: U.S. Department of the Interior, Office of Civil Rights
495
Legal Authority and Responsibility
495
Enforcement Tools
498
Budget and Staffing
498
Assessment
500
Prioritization of Civil Rights Agency-wide
500
Strategic Planning & Self-Evaluation
502
Complaint Processing, Agency-Initiated Changes, & Litigation
503
Proactive Compliance Evaluations
507
Dissemination of Policy Through Guidance, Regulations, Technical Assistance, Education, Outreach, and Publicity
508
Interaction and Coordination with External Agencies and Organizations
509
Research, Data Collection, and Reporting
510
Findings and Recommendations
511
Commissioners’ Statements, Dissents, and Rebuttals
525
Statement of Chair Catherine E. Lhamon
525
Statement of Commissioner Karen K. Narasaki
527
Statement of Commissioner Michael Yaki
535
Dissenting Statement of Commissioner Peter N. Kirsanow
542
Rebuttal of Commissioner Peter N. Kirsanow
574
APPENDIX A
577
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